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Government and Politics: Citizenship Test Practice Questions

Government and Politics is one of the seven topics in Discover Canada, the official guide every real test question comes from. It covers: How Canadians govern themselves: federal, provincial, territorial and municipal government, the three branches of government, Parliament, the Constitution, elections and how laws are made.

Of the 280 questions in our practice bank, 40 are Government and Politics questions. On a typical 20-question test you can expect roughly 3 from this topic. Below are 9 sample questions with answers and explanations to show you exactly what to prepare for.

Sample Government and Politics Questions and Answers

Try each question before expanding the answer. Every question below also appears in one of our free practice tests.

1. What are the three types of government in Canada?

AConstitutional monarchy, parliamentary democracy, and federal state
BRepublic, parliamentary democracy, and unitary state
CAbsolute monarchy, presidential democracy, and confederation
DConstitutional monarchy, presidential democracy, and unitary state
Show answer and explanation
AConstitutional monarchy, parliamentary democracy, and federal state (Correct answer)

Explanation

Canada is a constitutional monarchy, a parliamentary democracy, and a federal state. This means the Sovereign is the head of state, the Parliament makes laws through elected representatives, and powers are shared between federal and provincial governments.

2. Who is Canada's Head of State?

AThe Prime Minister
BThe Sovereign (the King or Queen of Canada)
CThe Governor General
DThe Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
Show answer and explanation
BThe Sovereign (the King or Queen of Canada) (Correct answer)

Explanation

Canada's Head of State is the Sovereign, currently the King of Canada. The Sovereign is also the head of state for the other Commonwealth realms. In Canada, the Sovereign's duties are carried out by the Governor General.

3. Who represents the Sovereign in Canada?

AThe Prime Minister
BThe Speaker of the House of Commons
CThe Governor General
DThe Chief Justice
Show answer and explanation
CThe Governor General (Correct answer)

Explanation

The Governor General represents the Sovereign in Canada. The Governor General is appointed by the Sovereign on the advice of the Prime Minister and carries out the royal duties in Canada on behalf of the King or Queen.

4. What does the Governor General do?

ALeads the political party with the most seats in the House of Commons
BCarries out duties on behalf of the Sovereign, gives Royal Assent to bills, and opens Parliament
CServes as the chief diplomat and negotiates international treaties
DCommands the armed forces and declares war on behalf of Canada
Show answer and explanation
BCarries out duties on behalf of the Sovereign, gives Royal Assent to bills, and opens Parliament (Correct answer)

Explanation

The Governor General carries out the duties of the Sovereign on a day-to-day basis. Key responsibilities include giving Royal Assent to bills passed by Parliament (which is required for them to become law), opening and closing sessions of Parliament, and reading the Speech from the Throne.

5. How is voting done in Canadian elections?

ABy electronic voting machines at polling stations
BBy raising hands at community meetings
CBy secret ballot — no one can watch you vote or ask who you voted for
DBy mailing in a signed ballot with your name on it
Show answer and explanation
CBy secret ballot — no one can watch you vote or ask who you voted for (Correct answer)

Explanation

Voting in Canadian elections is done by secret ballot. This means that no one can watch you vote and no one should ask you who you voted for. The secret ballot ensures that citizens can vote freely without pressure or intimidation from others.

6. What are the three levels of government in Canada?

AFederal, provincial/territorial, and municipal/local
BFederal, state, and county
CNational, regional, and district
DMonarchical, parliamentary, and civic
Show answer and explanation
AFederal, provincial/territorial, and municipal/local (Correct answer)

Explanation

Canada has three levels of government: federal (national), provincial/territorial, and municipal/local. Each level has its own responsibilities and areas of jurisdiction as defined by the Constitution.

7. What is the leader of a provincial government called?

AThe Governor
BThe Premier
CThe Chancellor
DThe Senator
Show answer and explanation
BThe Premier (Correct answer)

Explanation

The leader of a provincial government in Canada is called the Premier. The Premier is the head of the provincial executive council and is typically the leader of the political party that holds the most seats in the provincial legislature.

8. Who represents the Crown in each province?

AThe Premier
BThe Chief Justice
CThe Lieutenant Governor
DThe Senator
Show answer and explanation
CThe Lieutenant Governor (Correct answer)

Explanation

The Lieutenant Governor represents the Crown (the Sovereign) in each province of Canada. They are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister and perform duties similar to those of the Governor General at the provincial level.

9. After a federal election, how is the government formed in Canada?

AThe leader of the political party with the most seats in the House of Commons is invited by the Governor General to form the government
BThe candidate who receives the most individual votes across Canada becomes Prime Minister
CThe Senate selects the Prime Minister from among its members
DThe Supreme Court appoints the leader of the government
Show answer and explanation
AThe leader of the political party with the most seats in the House of Commons is invited by the Governor General to form the government (Correct answer)

Explanation

Ordinarily after an election, the leader of the political party with the most seats in the House of Commons is invited by the Governor General to form the government. After being appointed by the Governor General, the leader of this party becomes the Prime Minister. If the party in power holds at least half of the seats, this is called a majority government; if less than half, it is called a minority government.

Practise Government and Politics Until It Sticks

The app has 14 dedicated category tests, so you can practise Government & Politics questions on their own. All 16 mock exams, every question in 13 languages, and weak-spot tracking, all in the app.

Study This Topic First

Prefer to read before you practise? Our Government and Politics study guide breaks down everything this part of Discover Canada tests.

Read the Government and Politics study guide

Take a Full Practice Test

Every full test includes Government & Politics questions alongside the other six topics, in the same mix as the real exam.

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