All practice tests

Government and Politics: Citizenship Test Practice Questions

Government and Politics is one of the seven topics in Discover Canada, the official guide every real test question comes from. It covers: How Canadians govern themselves: federal, provincial, territorial and municipal government, the three branches of government, Parliament, the Constitution, elections and how laws are made.

Of the 280 questions in our practice bank, 40 are Government and Politics questions. On a typical 20-question test you can expect roughly 3 from this topic. Below are 9 sample questions with answers and explanations to show you exactly what to prepare for.

Sample Government and Politics Questions and Answers

Try each question before expanding the answer. Every question below also appears in one of our free practice tests.

1. What are the three types of government in Canada?

AConstitutional monarchy, parliamentary democracy, and federal state
BRepublic, parliamentary democracy, and unitary state
CAbsolute monarchy, presidential democracy, and confederation
DConstitutional monarchy, presidential democracy, and unitary state
Show answer and explanation
AConstitutional monarchy, parliamentary democracy, and federal state (Correct answer)

Explanation

Canada is a constitutional monarchy, a parliamentary democracy, and a federal state. This means the Sovereign is the head of state, the Parliament makes laws through elected representatives, and powers are shared between federal and provincial governments.

2. Who represents the Sovereign in Canada?

AThe Prime Minister
BThe Speaker of the House of Commons
CThe Governor General
DThe Chief Justice
Show answer and explanation
CThe Governor General (Correct answer)

Explanation

The Governor General represents the Sovereign in Canada. The Governor General is appointed by the Sovereign on the advice of the Prime Minister and carries out the royal duties in Canada on behalf of the King or Queen.

3. What are the two chambers of Canada's Parliament?

AThe Senate (Upper House) and the House of Commons (Lower House)
BThe House of Representatives and the Senate
CThe National Assembly and the Senate
DThe House of Lords and the House of Commons
Show answer and explanation
AThe Senate (Upper House) and the House of Commons (Lower House) (Correct answer)

Explanation

Canada's Parliament consists of two chambers: the Senate (Upper House) and the House of Commons (Lower House). Senators are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister, while Members of Parliament in the House of Commons are elected by Canadian citizens.

4. How are Senators chosen in Canada?

AThey are elected by voters in each province
BThey are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister
CThey are chosen by provincial premiers
DThey are elected by the House of Commons
Show answer and explanation
BThey are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister (Correct answer)

Explanation

Senators in Canada are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister. The Senate is the upper house of Parliament and its members are not elected but appointed to represent their regions.

5. How is voting done in Canadian elections?

ABy electronic voting machines at polling stations
BBy raising hands at community meetings
CBy secret ballot — no one can watch you vote or ask who you voted for
DBy mailing in a signed ballot with your name on it
Show answer and explanation
CBy secret ballot — no one can watch you vote or ask who you voted for (Correct answer)

Explanation

Voting in Canadian elections is done by secret ballot. This means that no one can watch you vote and no one should ask you who you voted for. The secret ballot ensures that citizens can vote freely without pressure or intimidation from others.

6. What is the leader of a provincial government called?

AThe Governor
BThe Premier
CThe Chancellor
DThe Senator
Show answer and explanation
BThe Premier (Correct answer)

Explanation

The leader of a provincial government in Canada is called the Premier. The Premier is the head of the provincial executive council and is typically the leader of the political party that holds the most seats in the provincial legislature.

7. Which of the following is a responsibility of the federal government?

AEducation
BNational defence
CMunicipal zoning
DProperty and civil rights
Show answer and explanation
BNational defence (Correct answer)

Explanation

National defence is a responsibility of the federal government of Canada. Other federal responsibilities include foreign affairs, citizenship and immigration, criminal law, and banking. Education and property and civil rights fall under provincial jurisdiction, while municipal zoning is a local government responsibility.

8. Name one responsibility of municipal (local) governments in Canada.

ANational defence and foreign policy
BSnow removal, recycling, libraries, and local police and fire departments
CPrinting currency and managing the national debt
DNegotiating international trade agreements
Show answer and explanation
BSnow removal, recycling, libraries, and local police and fire departments (Correct answer)

Explanation

Municipal or local governments in Canada are responsible for services such as snow removal, recycling programs, maintaining parks and libraries, local police and fire departments, local roads, and public transit. These are day-to-day services that directly affect residents in their communities.

9. After a federal election, how is the government formed in Canada?

AThe leader of the political party with the most seats in the House of Commons is invited by the Governor General to form the government
BThe candidate who receives the most individual votes across Canada becomes Prime Minister
CThe Senate selects the Prime Minister from among its members
DThe Supreme Court appoints the leader of the government
Show answer and explanation
AThe leader of the political party with the most seats in the House of Commons is invited by the Governor General to form the government (Correct answer)

Explanation

Ordinarily after an election, the leader of the political party with the most seats in the House of Commons is invited by the Governor General to form the government. After being appointed by the Governor General, the leader of this party becomes the Prime Minister. If the party in power holds at least half of the seats, this is called a majority government; if less than half, it is called a minority government.

Practise Government and Politics Until It Sticks

The app has 14 dedicated category tests, so you can practise Government & Politics questions on their own. All 16 mock exams, every question in 13 languages, and weak-spot tracking, all in the app.

Study This Topic First

Prefer to read before you practise? Our Government and Politics study guide breaks down everything this part of Discover Canada tests.

Read the Government and Politics study guide

Take a Full Practice Test

Every full test includes Government & Politics questions alongside the other six topics, in the same mix as the real exam.

See all 14 practice tests